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Last week, the U.S. Forest Service released a report evaluating the effectiveness of fuel treatments during the Mountain Fire in July 2013.
The primary goal of the report was to assess the effect of the treatments on the fires behavior and intensity and their ability to improve fire suppression efforts near communities.
Our trends suggest that fuel treatments can facilitate suppression activities and potentially reduce fire behavior and fire effects, depending on the fire weather or conditions, the reports authors concluded. The more recent the treatment, the more likely it reduced fire severity or aided fire suppression.
The Forest Service studied areas that had received fuels treatments such as tree removal, mechanical thinning, pile burns and prescribed area burns. The period covered started in the mid-1990s, but most of the work was accomplished in the past decade. The study also examined the effect of two previous fires in or near the Mountain Fire area.
Fuelbreaks in or near the burned area were generally beneficial. However, the authors noted that in areas where the fuelbreaks near private land were connected to treatments on agency land, they were more likely to reduce the fires effects. Where this was not the case (e.g., around much of the Bonita Vista fuelbreak), the fire burned through untreated fuels on private land.
Forest Service investigators also observed a treatment shadow where the value of fuel treatments extended beyond their boundaries. These treatment shadow benefits included diminished fire behavior when it moved to untreated areas; reduced production of embers; and eased fire containment activities.
The fire severity data indicated that areas with taller pre-fire shrub cover tended to have the potential for higher substrate (soil) and vegetation (shrubs) burn severity.
Another conclusion important to efforts on the Hill was the recognition that coordinated efforts of private landowners and the Mountain Area Safety Task Force in completing fuels reduction projects helped save homes in the communities.
Everyone on the Hill should know that this analysis supports the basic principle that both we and the fire agencies have been acting on for years: reducing fuel around homes and the community increases the safety of both, said Mountain Communities Fire Safe Council President Mike Esnard. The report has other useful lessons for land managers in the design of fuel treatments, but overall it argues for the value of consistent fuel reduction in and around the mountain communities.
The area burned during the Apache Fire in 2008 was also less receptive to the devastation of the Mountain Fire. This reinforced the principal of fire as a natural fuel treatment process.
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Local fuel treatments help during big fires: Organizations performed work prior to Mountain Fire
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OurTree/Shrub care program includes insect and disease controls as well as balanced fertilization for your valuable plantings.Above ground indications of insect infestations are the visible presence of insect bodies (aphids, scale), holes in the leaves (weevils ), yellowish leaves (spider mites), browning of the leaves (leaf miners) etc. In many cases the damage occurs below ground (root weevil larvae), at night (caterpillars) or inside the plant (borers) and the only symptoms are overall weakened or yellowish appearing plants. We know how to recognize these problems and provide treatment in the early stages, to keep your plants healthy. Its a lot more effective to keep the plants healthy than to try and revive an ailing plant. The treatments we provide are targeted to those plants that have a problem or potential for problems.
Plant diseases can either be external (mildew, leaf spots) or internal, spreading systemically throughout the plant (Phytopthora, Pseudomonus). The organisms that cause plant diseases are primarily fungi, bacteria and viruses. As with our insect control, we only treat plants that have a problem or potential for problems. The disease control treatments act as barriers to infection and are best applied on a preventative basis. Most diseases spread more rapidly in moist environments. As new leaves unfurl and older leaves expand, new areas are susceptible to infection. Our programs are designed around these factors, with treatments spaced more closely together in the moist spring and farther apart during the drier summer.
We use polymer coated, granular fertilizers for your shrubs that enhance blooms and encourage strong roots and healthy shoots. The coating provides for uniform distribution of nutrients throughout the growing season. In the fall we deep root feed your trees and larger shrubs. This involves inserting a probe into the root zone to apply the fertilizers where they will be most effective.
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Tree and Shrub Care - inavalelawnandtree.com
Ambleside: Existing garden shed and patio area to be replaced by a single storey garden, at 9 Walthwaite, Chapel Stile, for Mrs Lunn; 5 x non illuminated signs, at University of Cumbria, Ambleside Campus, for University of Cumbria; demolish existing lean-to shed at back of property and rebuild to same footprint and materials, install 100kw pellet boiler with new flue in new build lean-to shed, install external fuel silo for biomass boiler, at Sawrey House Country Hotel, nr Sawrey, for D. Bulmer; reduce line of trees by 1 metre, at Gale Rig, Old Lake Road, for Mr Kit, Spencer. T1 Elm, crown raise and remove epicormic growth 2m back from building, crown reduce by 20%, at Queens Hotel, Market Place, for T. Davis.
Bootle: Construction of 1 no. Satellite dish per dwelling, at 1-14, Victory Gardens, Church Lane, for J. Lannaghan, Impact Housing Association.
Broughton-in-Furness: Christmas tree/shrub - fell, at 2 Laurel Cottage, for D. Beresford; construction of timber fencing panels, at Wilson Park Yard, for R. Parsons.
Cleator: Confirmation of compliance with condition nos. 11 (part) and 14 (chippings and plan identifying the location of the contractors compound, site cabins and parking as required prior to demolition) on planning approval ref 7/2013/4059, at Ennerdale Bridge, Ennerdale, for J. Norton, Ennerdale Hub Ltd.
Cockermouth: Proposed roof over midden, at Field 2278, Blindcrake, for J. Hind, J. Hind & E. Jackson; replacement building to store agricultural equipment, at High East House, Embleton, for Mrs Robertson; confirmation of compliance with condition no. 8 of planning approval ref. 7/2014/2162 relating to lighting details, at Low Barkhouse, Setmurthy, for P. Lakes Distillery; replacement of Sceptic Tank with Rotating Biological Contactor and associated Control Kiosk, at Cornhow Water Treatment Works, Loweswater, nr Cockermouth, for M. Buckley.
Coniston: alterations and extensions to entrance, at University of Birmingham, The Raymond Priestley Centre, Torver, for University of Birmingham; variation of condition no. 2 of planning approval 78/2003/5317 to allow minor alterations to window and roof lights and solar hot water panels to roof, at land to rear of Kirkdale House, Tilberthwaite Avenue, for C. Hutchinson.
Elterwater: New local needs dwelling incorporating former quarry buildings, at land at Thrang Lodge, Chapel Stile, for Mr & Mrs Birkett.
Eskdale: 1) create 300m of bridlepath through Ash Hagg by scraping with an excavator and surfacing with crushed stone to a width of 1.8m, 2) provision of new gate, at land near Catherines Church, for Mrs Foots.
Grasmere: External doors and windows to be replaced with upvc, at April Cottage, Easedale Road, for Mrs Reddaway.
Grange-over-Sands: Creation of a small pond and woodland area within a grass field, at Hare Hill, Cartmel Fell, for J. Lambton, Hare Hill Farm.
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Planning applications submitted by Lake District National Park Authority
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Tree and Shrub Treatment | Comments Off on Planning applications submitted by Lake District National Park Authority
24 Ways to Kill a Tree
There is a tremendous diversity of herbaceous perennial plant species being grown for both the retail and landscaping sectors of the industry. Because of the diversity in species grown, there is much more unknown about perennials production than is known. Growth regulation is of particular concern. In production settings, as well as in retail locations, herbaceous perennials grown in pots tend to stretch and become leggy or simply overgrow their pots before their scheduled market date. These plants are less marketable, and harder to maintain. Many growers resort to pruning, which is not only costly in terms of labor, but also delays plant production two to four weeks.
Seldom needs pruning - remove multiple leaders, dead and broken branches
Trees that shed their leaves annually are classified as deciduous. Before getting out your hand pruners, learn some basics about the anatomy, or supporting framework, of a deciduous tree.
The above-ground part of a tree consists of the trunk, scaffold branches, and lateral branches. The leader is the vertical stem at the top of the trunk. Scaffold branches are primary limbs that form a tree's canopy. Secondary branches that emerge from scaffold branches are laterals. Growth comes from buds at the tips of branches (terminal buds), or along branch sides (lateral buds).
Evergreen trees have leaves that persist year round, and include most conifers and some broad-leaved trees. Evergreen trees generally need less pruning than deciduous trees.
Conifers are distinguished from other plants by their needle or scale-like leaves, and their seed-bearing cones. Because conifers have dominant leaders, young trees rarely require training-type pruning. The leader is the vertical stem at the top of the trunk. If a young tree has two leaders, prune one out to prevent multiple leader development. Selective branch removal is generally unnecessary as evergreens tend to have wide angles of attachment to the trunk.
Understanding the natural "habit" or shape of shrubs will help you determine how to prune them. All shoots grow outward from their tips. Whenever tips are removed, lower buds are stimulated to grow. Buds are located at nodes, where leaves are attached to twigs and branches. Each node produces from one to three buds, depending on shrub species.
Pruning is a regular part of plant maintenance involving the selective removal of specific plant parts. Although shoots and branches are the main targets for removal, roots, flower buds, fruits and seed pods may also be pruned.
Pruning wounds plants, but plants respond differently to wounding than do animals. In plants, damaged areas are covered by callus tissue to close wounds. Simply put: animal wounds heal, plant wounds seal.
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Trees, Shrubs, & Groundcovers | Publications and ...
Call Us!
Organic Air Tree and Shrub Care Norwalk, OH 44857 Phone 419-668-3457 Alternate 419-706-9358 Fax 419-663-0791 Email Us
Thanks Bernie. Our trees and shrubs have never looked so good. We have been so amazed at the turn around the maples have taken since cutting away the girdling roots and air knife work 3 years ago. We were close to loosing all of our azaleas before you started treating them. The most important thing is all of your products are organic and will not harm the environment. -- Diane S., Norwalk, OH
I should have done this before now but circumstances prevented it. This is what I must tell you. My trees are beautiful. The crowns on the Norway Maples are full and green. The two trees, Red Maple and Crimsom King, that had no root flares to speak of, are larger and fuller. I don't see any bugs on any of the trees and shrubbery. -- Frances D., Lorain, OH
Norwalk, Sandusky, Berlin Heights, Huron, Milan, Bellevue, Monroeville, Vermilion, Amherst, Oberlin, Elyria, Lorain, Sheffield, North Ridgeville, Avon, North Olmsted, Westlake, Bay Village, Rocky River and the West Cleveland Suburbs
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Organic, Tree Care, Shrub Care, Service, Certified ...
The following is a list of widely known trees and shrubs. Taxonomic families for the following trees and shrubs are listed in alphabetical order, likewise the genera and closely related species.
Agathis Kauri Conifers Agathis australis Kauri Pine; Dammar Agathis lanceolata Red Kauri Agathis robusta Dundathu Pine; Queensland Kauri; Smooth Bark Kauri
Araucaria Monkey Puzzle Trees Araucaria angustifolia Paran Pine Araucaria araucana Monkey-Puzzle Tree Araucaria bidwillii Bunya-bunya Araucaria columnaris Cook Pine Araucaria cunninghamii Moreton Bay Pine; Hoop Pine Araucaria heterophylla Norfolk Island Pine Araucaria hunsteinii Klinki
Athrotaxis Tasmanian Cedars Athrotaxis cupressoides Pencil Pine Athrotaxis selaginoides King Billy Pine
Callitris Cypress-pines Callitris columellaris White Cypress-pine; Murray River Cypress-pine; Northern Cypress-pine Callitris preissii Rottnest Island Pine Callitris verrucosa Mallee Pine; Sandhill Pine; Scrub Cypress Pine
Calocedrus Incense Cedars Calocedrus decurrens California Incense Cedar
Chamaecyparis False Cypresses Chamaecyparis lawsoniana Lawson False Cypress; Port Orford Cedar Chamaecyparis nootkatensis Nootka False Cypress; Alaska Cedar; Yellow Cedar Chamaecyparis obtusa Hinoki False Cypress Chamaecyparis pisifera Sawara False Cypress Chamaecyparis thyoides White False Cypress; Atlantic White Cedar
Cryptomeria Oriental Cedars Cryptomeria japonica Japanese Cedar
Cunninghamia Cunninghamia Cunninghamia lanceolata China Fir
Cupressus True Cypresses Cupressus arizonica stephensonii Cuyamaca Cypress Cupressus forbesii Tecate Cypress Cupressus leylandii Leyland Cypress Cupressus macrocarpa Monterey Cypress Cupressus sempervirens Mediterranean Cypress; Italian Cypress
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List of trees and shrubs by taxonomic family - Wikipedia ...
ELM SPRINGS (KFSM) The Arkansas Department of Environmental Quality is investigating whether the town of Elm Springs is properly maintaining an evaporation field where liquid waste is disposed of, officials say.
State investigators traveled to Elm Springs on Thursday (Oct. 16) to examine the field and are putting together a written report on whether the field has been maintained properly as spelled out in the towns state permit, according to officials. Another name for the 6.2-acre piece of land under investigation is surface-pipe disposal field.
A complaint was filed with the state on Oct. 13 by Harold Douthit, a member of the Elm Springs City Council, officials said.
Douthit is vying to unseat Elm Springs Mayor Ben Wall in the Nov. 4 election.
The town uses the evaporation field to dispose of liquid waste after it has been processedthrough the sewer-and-water treatment plant,according to Kevin Caudle, an Elm Springs Sewer Committee member. After it is drained into the field, it evaporates, Caudle said.
Thecomplaint filed with ADEQ states that the guidelines for the surface-pipe disposal field outlined in the towns permit are not being upheld.
At issue is the disposal of grass clippings when the field gets mowed, according to Caudle. He said although the field is being mowed on a weekly basis, the grass clippings are not being gathered and disposed of. They are being left in the field, according to Caudle.
Wall told 5NEWS the clippings are not a major problem.
The mayor also said that once the clippings were bagged, there was the problem of what to do with them, and there was no good way to dispose of them.
If the state finds a problem with the upkeep of the land, the town could risk losing its permit for the field, Caudle said.
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State Investigates Elm Springs Disposal Field
Bayer Advanced 12 Month Tree & Shrub Insect Control Landscape Formula works systemically to protect your trees and shrubs from insects for up to 12 months. Effective against such pests as aphids, adelgids, japanese beetles, emerald ash borers, and leafminersBayer Advanced 12 Month Tree & Shrub Insect Control Landscape Formula will keep your trees and shrubs looking beautiful year round.
This formulation is twice as concentrated as the originalBayer Advanced 12 Month Tree & Shrub Insect Control Concentrate.
Can too much rain impact the efficacy of Bayer Advanced 12 Month Tree & Shrub Insect Control Landscape Formula?
No! After Bayer Advanced 12 Month Tree & Shrub Insect Control Landscape Formula is applied, too much rain will not reduce efficacy, and the systemic action cant be washed off.
Does the size of the tree make a difference?
Yes! The use rate is 0.5 ounce of the product per 1 inch of distance around the tree trunk (circumference).
How long does Bayer Advanced 12 Month Tree & Shrub Insect Control Landscape Formula work?
A single application of this product provides season-long systemic, 12 months of residual control of insect pests on trees and shrubs.
Can I apply Bayer Advanced 12 Month Tree & Shrub Insect Control Landscape Formula to my fruit trees?
Bayer Advanced 12 Month Tree & Shrub Insect Control Landscape Formula is registered and labeled for use around the following fruit and nut trees: apple, crabapple, loquat, mayhew, oriental pear, pear, pecan and quince.
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Bayer Advanced 12 Month Tree & Shrub Insect Control ...
Natural Tree & Shrub Care
If you love your trees and shrubs, and know how much it costs to replace them if they die, then you know that it makes sense to spend a small amount annually to protect your largest landscape investment. Now you can keep your trees and shrubs healthy, without spraying poisons into the air around your home.
Chemical Tree and Shrub Programs are not the answer. Chemical Programs pump the plants full of nitrogen, which causethe plants to grow quickly and develop large leaf surfaces. These leaves are really tasty to pests because when you push a plant to grow, it has fewer resources to put into defending itself, sopests love it! Its no wonder that once you start fertilizing your trees chemically, you also happen to need the more poisonous chemicals to prevent pests.
The soil in your yard is not exactly virgin forest soil. In many cases, its recent basement soil doesnt hold a lot of nutrients and can be very low on biology. Soil biology plays a huge role in both feeding and protecting your trees and shrubs from pests. There are studies that show when under attack from a pest, the plant sends a signal through its roots to soil bacteria, which then triggers the plant's natural defense system to discourage the pest. Without good soil biology, youll be more likely to need chemical pesticides! This is why the foundation of our tree and shrub program is adding beneficial microbes and natural botanicals to enhance good soil biology.
An alternative to pesticides, our Tree & Shrub Healthcare Program enhances the biological life of your trees and your soil...instead of creating a chemical dependency. Our compost tea and natural botanical sprays are packed with natural nutrients that are absorbed rapidly through leaves, bark, and roots. Think of these treatments as probiotics as opposed to the chemicals which are antibiotics. We help your plants help themselves and the end result is beautiful plants without all the chemicals being sprayed into the air and soil around your home.
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Organic Tree Spray, Natural Tree & Shrub Care | Good Nature
The Master Gardener Helpline volunteers often field calls in late summer from homeowners with concerns about leaf spots and browning on deciduous landscape foliage. These are trees and shrubs that lose their leaves each fall.
Similar questions arise from those who see late-season powdery mildew on perennials or non-evergreen shrubs. Is treatment required and what should be used to protect or save their planting?
Conversations about these concerns to these University of Illinois Extension volunteers are first addressed by making certain the master gardener knows what specific planting is being affected. When the homeowner is not certain, questions will be posed to them which can help narrow the field. Digital photos of the tree, shrub or perennial causing concern can be especially helpful when sent to the Helpline email address, listed below.
There is a general rule of thumb that should put most homeowners at ease when it comes to these late-season foliar problems. The planting in question has been photosynthesizing all season long and has produced the majority of the food energy needed for it to make it through the winter. What can be produced in the next few weeks before the leaves fall off is not as important as what was produced up to this point. Treatment of foliar diseases this late in the season is not necessary.
Fall cleanup of diseased leaves becomes extremely important so that the disease spores found on them are removed from your property. This wont always solve the issue, but will certainly help it to not build up for the next growing season. Dispose of the leaves, dont try to compost them. Most home compost piles never heat up to high enough temperatures to kill the disease spores.
Evaluate the area around the planting and see if there are ways to improve air circulation, increase sunlight or in general to help the area dry out more quickly than it might be already. Fungal diseases need moisture to grow, and leaves that stay wet are more susceptible to infection. When selecting new plants in areas where disease has been sited, look for disease-resistant varieties that will help reduce the problem as well.
Email your home garden and lawn questions to uiemg-dupage@illinois.edu or phone the Master Gardener Helpline at 630-955-1123. Visit our website at http://web.extension.illinois.edu/dkk/.
Julie Moore has been a master gardener volunteer with the University of Illinois Extension in DuPage County for 10 years and has a degree in ornamental horticulture from the University of Illinois.
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Master gardener: Dont worry about leaf spots
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