Mold assessment and mold remediation are techniques used in occupational health: mold assessment is the process of identifying the location and extent of the mold hazard in a structure, and mold remediation is the process of removal and/or cleanup of mold from an indoor environment.

Molds are ubiquitous in nature, and mold spores are a common component of household and workplace dust. However, when spores are present in large quantities, they are a health hazard to humans, potentially causing allergic reactions and respiratory problems.

Some molds also produce mycotoxins that can pose serious health risks to humans and animals. The term "toxic mold" refers to molds that produce mycotoxins, such as Stachybotrys chartarum, not to all molds.[1] Exposure to high levels of mycotoxins can lead to neurological problems and in some cases death. Prolonged exposure, e.g., daily workplace exposure, can be particularly harmful.

Symptoms of mold exposure can include:[2]

Infants may develop respiratory symptoms as a result of exposure to a specific type of fungal mold, called Penicillium. Signs that an infant may have mold-related respiratory problems include (but are not limited to) a persistent cough and/or wheeze. Increased exposure increases the probability of developing respiratory symptoms during their first year of life. Studies have shown that a correlation exists between the probability of developing asthma and increased exposure Penicillium. The levels are deemed no mold to low level, from low to intermediate, from intermediate to high.[3]

Mold exposures have a variety of health effects depending on the person, some people are more sensitive to mold than others. Exposure to mold can cause a number of health issues such as; throat irritation, nasal stuffiness, eye irritation, cough and wheezing, as well as skin irritation in some cases. Exposure to mold may also cause heightened sensitivity depending on the time and nature of exposure. People at higher risk for mold allergies are people with chronic lung illnesses, which will result in more severe reactions when exposed to mold.

There has been sufficient evidence that damp indoor environments are correlated with upper respiratory tract symptoms such as; coughing, and wheezing in people with asthma.[4]

Molds are found everywhere inside and outside, and can grow on almost any substance when moisture is present. Molds reproduce by spores, which can be carried by air currents. When these spores land on a moist surface that is suitable for life, they begin to grow. Mold is normally found indoors at levels that do not affect most healthy individuals.

Because common building materials are capable of sustaining mold growth, and mold spores are ubiquitous, mold growth in an indoor environment is typically related to water or moisture indoors. Mold growth may also be caused by incomplete drying of flooring materials such as concrete. Flooding, leaky roofs, building maintenance problems, or indoor plumbing problems can lead to mold growth inside.

For significant mold growth to occur, there must be a source of water (which could be invisible humidity), a source of food, and a substrate capable of sustaining growth. Common building materials, such as plywood, drywall, furring strips, carpets, and carpet padding are food for molds. In carpet, invisible dust and cellulose are the food sources (see also dust mites). After a single incident of water damage occurs in a building, molds grow inside walls and then become dormant until a subsequent incident of high humidity; this illustrates how mold can appear to be a sudden problem, long after a previous flood or water incident that did not produce such a problem. The right conditions reactivate mold. Studies also show that mycotoxin levels are perceptibly higher in buildings that have once had a water incident (source: CMHC).

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Mold growth, assessment, and remediation - Wikipedia, the free ...

For mold inspection, building mold inspection, mold inspector directory, mold remediation, and mold prevention for your real estate property anywhere in USA, Canada, Asia, Europe, or worldwide, please contact mold consultants Phillip and Divine Fry by email phil@moldinspector.com or call Phillip Toll-Free 1-866-300-1616 USA/ Canada, or Phillip's cell phone 1-480-310-7970 Air Conditioner Mold

Photograph of the inside of a thick plastic sheeting containment wall. Notice that it is bulging inward because the plastic is being pulled inward [toward the mold remediation area] by the negative air pressure maintained inside the mold work area.

Courtesy of U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

For additional mold remediation and removal information on a wide variety of mold remediation subjects, visit these mold remediation pages---

[Bleach-Ineffective-Mold] [Hurricane-Typhoon-Tornado] [Mold-Killer-Recipes-Instructions] [AirConditioningMold] [BasementMold] [BathroomMold] [CarandVanMold] [ClothesMold] [CrawlSpaceMold] [Do-It-Yourself-Mold-Kill] [Firewood-Mold-Problem] [Inadequate-Ventilation&-Mold] [Laundry-Washing-Machine-Mold] [Mold&ChlorineBleach] [NYCMoldGuidelines] [OHSA-Mold-Guidelines] [Q&ARemoval] [RoofLeakMold] [MoldySiding] [WallpaperMold] [HUD-Mold] [Bleach-Hard-Surfaces] [Humidifier-Mold] [Moldy-Building-Materials] [Painting-Over-Mold] [Demolition-Moldy-Building] [Kilz] [Ultraviolet-Light-Kill-Mold]

Mold Removal Q & A Q. Dec. 22, 2011. Do you have any warranty after you have completed a mold remediation job? If there are subsequent mold problems, what is your after sales service? A. Yes, Phillip Fry and Divine Fry of EnviroFry are always available to provide answers and help to our clients long after the mold remediation job is completed. You can email or phone us anytime for our FREE email and phone follow up advice as one of our clients. If you need us to come back to the property for more mold remediation at a future date, we can do that too, but you would pay the time and materials for such subsequent mold remediation services. We also teach you how to do your own mold remediation while we are getting rid of your current mold problems so that you are more self-sufficient and able to do what needs to be done for any future mold growth.Long-term mold remediation success requires that there be ongoing, continual proper preventive maintenance by the property owner to keep mold from returning again. For example, a property owner needs to be always watching for new roof leaks and plumbing leaks can start new mold growth problems. Prevention of future water problems is the key to the prevention of future mold problems. The fact that future mold growth is almost entirely in the hands of the property owner makes it impossible for a mold remediator to warranty that there will be no future mold growth. One of the best mold prevention steps we take in doing mold remediation projects is a liberal use of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency mold killer and mold preventativeTim-Bor. We leave a white powdering coating of mold-preventing Tim-Bor on surfaces such as inside walls and ceilings, inside heating/cooling equipment and air ducts, and in basements, attics, and crawl spaces. We also mix large quantities of Tim-Bor into paint used to re-paint water damaged and mold remediated surfaces such as walls and ceilings.

Picture of Certified Mold Remediator and mold consultant Divine Montero using Tim-Bor in scrubbing the walls of a Bangkok, Thailand, house that she and Phillip Fry mold remediated in Jan., 2012.

Exhaust the airborne mold spores released in the mold remediation to the outdoors by running a strong fan 24 hours in an open window. Better yet, use an industrial-sized hepa filter machine to capture airborne mold spores in its HEPA filters prior to exhausting air to the outdoors through flexible ducting. Picture taken January, 2012, during mold remediation in Thailand by mold experts Phillip and Divine Fry.

Mold Consultants Phillip and Divine Fry and the Environmental Hygienists Association recommends that property owners, managers, and tenants take all ten of these proven steps in the order listed for perfect do-it-yourself or professionally-done toxic mold removal. 1. Mold Inspection and Mold Testing. Do thorough and complete mold inspection and testing to find all areas of both visible and mold growth hidden inside ceilings, walls, floors, heating/cooling equipment and ducts, crawl spaces, basements, and attics. Use a moisture meter, hygrometer humidity meter, and fiber optics inspection to help find hard-to-find mold infestation. After the completion of all mold removal steps, use do it yourself or professional clearance mold testing of the air of remediated rooms, the outward air flow from heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) duct registers, and horizontal and vertical surfaces inside the mold work area. For independent mold clearance testing in the USA, Canada, Asia, Europe, and worldwide, please visit Mold Consultants and Certified Mold Inspectors. 2. Proper Containment. Seal off the room or area to be mold remediated with 6 mil thick floor-to-ceiling, wall-to-wall, clear plastic sheeting so that mold spores released during mold removal do not travel to and mold cross-contaminate other areas. 3. Proper Worker Protection. Mold removal workers should wear a 3M or comparable breathing respirator mask with organic vapor filters rated P100, available for about $40 from a large hardware or home improvement store, plus eye goggles with no holes (chem splash type), disposable vinyl gloves, and Tyvek or comparable protective body suits with built-in parka hood and booties. 4. Ozone Treatment. The first and last mold kill steps should be to operate a high output ozone generator for at least six to eight hours inside the buildings heating/cooling equipment and ducts and inside the rooms or areas being mold remediated. The best value, high output ozone generator is the Bio3Blaster, available at Ozone Generator. There can be no people, pets, or live plants inside the area being ozone treated. 5. Mold Enzyme Treatment. Spray a wet coating of mold-dissolving enzymes on all visible moldy surfaces and adjacent surfaces to help separate mold growth from the building materials being eaten by the mold. MoldZyme is available at http://www.molddiy.com. Allow the MoldZyme to soak into the moldy building materials for 30 minutes before removing the mold growth (Step Six below). 6. HEPA Air Scrubbing and Vacuuming. After the completion of the ozone and mold enzyme treatments, run one or more HEPA industrial-sized air scrubbers inside the contained mold work area to establish negative air pressure therein to collect airborne mold sporesS, with the HEPA exhaust air duct going directly to the outdoors. Use one or more HEPA vacuums to vacuum walls, floors, carpeting, and furnishing surfaces three ways---horizontally, vertically, and diagonally. 7. Physical Mold Removal. While operating a HEPA air scrubber inside the mold work area, remove all visible mold growth by removing and discarding materials such as moldy drywall, curtains, and carpeting, and by cleaning wood timbers to visibly mold-free with the use of a power grinder with wire brush attachment, power sander, power planer, and/or hand held wire brushes and sanding blocks. 8. Safe Disposal of Moldy Materials. While inside the contained mold work area, place all removed moldy materials into 6 mil thick garbage disposal bags. Then, put each full bag inside a second 6 mil thick bag (known as double bagging). Then, wipe off the outside of the outer bag with a cloth lightly damp with hydrogen peroxide or borax laundry detergent dissolved into water to remove any landed or deposited mold spores. Then remove the bags to the outdoors through windows or doors without taking the bags through building areas that are outside of the contained work area. 9. Encapsulation of Wood Timbers. After completion of the above steps, paint all exposed and remediated wood timber surfaces with white, glossy latex enamel paint into which one half pound of the EPA-registered fungicide Tim-Bor has been thoroughly mixed. Tim-Bor is a long-term preservative of wood against both mold and wood-destroying insects such as termites. The glossy latex paint coating will also help to protect the wood against water penetration in the event of a future plumbing leak, roof leak, or other water intrusion. Read about Tim-Bor at http://www.timborprofessional.com. 10. Clean and Disinfect HVAC Ducts. If there has been a mold problem inside a building, its heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) ducts are likely to be contaminated with elevated levels of airborne mold spores and mold growth. Clean and disinfect HVAC ducts with these procedures: (a) hire an experienced air duct cleaning company to do thorough HVAC duct cleaning; (b) after duct cleaning, do a second ozone treatment with at least four to eight hours of high output ozone treatment into the return air duct to get mold-killing ozone everywhere in the HVAC system and throughout the entire building; and (c) after ozone treatment, use a fogging machine to fog thoroughly the HVAC ducts with Sporicidin Disinfectant Solution, one of the few fungicides approved by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for use inside air ducts. For more information on how to do perfect mold removal, email mold experts Phillip and Divine Fry phil@moldnspector.com or phone Mr. Fry Toll-Free 1-866-300-1616, or Phillip's cell phone # 1-480-310-7970, or visit their websites Mold Experts and Certified Mold Inspectors.

For more information on mold removal, please visit these pages---

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Effective Mold Removal Techniques and Tips

Gerrus Maintenance, Inc. and its affiliated companies are the premier providers of professional cleaning services in New Jersey and nearby areas of Staten Island NY and Northeastern Pennsylvania. We offer a full range of janitorial, health hazard removal, sanitizing, and certified mold remediation services from customized office building cleaning contracts, to specialty industrial cleaning and maintenance, to heavy-duty residential projects. When you need one-time or repetitive commercial cleaning services, or our heavy duty residential cleanups, our quality-controlled staff, supervised and managed by professional chemical engineers, provides extraordinary detail. Green maintenance supplies are available. Our US EPA Certification number is NAT-43984-1.

Choose from our fully insured and bonded cleaning services for offices, multi-tenant buildings, warehouses, factories, pharmaceutical sites, chemical plants, homes needing one-time heavy-duty residential cleaning, or water, mold, or fire damage cleanups and remediation.

Complete scheduled janitorial programs or one-time service calls for any building. We clean carpets, floors, windows, walls, and everything in between. Comprehensive, flexible, professionally trained staff. Fully insured and bonded. Sanitary and maintenance supplies. Optional "green" products. EPA Certification # NAT-43984-1.

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Complete cleaning services from floors to ceilings and everything in between. We perform heavy-duty, move-in, move-out, pre-sale, and post-construction cleanups. Throw-outs with dumpster service. Health hazard cleaning and odor control. ACAC-certified microbial and mold removal and retardation. IICRC-certified water damage remediation and drying. Complete fog and contact sanitizing. Disaster control and comprehensive emergency services are available. Call us for experienced, sensitive hoarding syndrome cleaning, senile squalor cleanup, OCD cleaning assistance, and pet or other animal hoarding sanitation problems. EPA Certification # NAT-43984-1.Florida Mold Remediation License (MRSR1121, FL).

Complete industrial and warehouse cleaning for buildings and their contents. We utilize specialized equipment and proprietary techniques to provide clean room sanitizing, HEPA vacuuming, steam cleaning, high pressure washing, solvent degreasing, and other state-of-the-art cleanups. Engineer on staff. EPA Certification # NAT-43984-1.

Sewage, flood and water damage disinfecting, deodorizing and drying. Fire, soot and smoke cleaning and odor neutralization. Heavy duty, health hazard and total premises cleaning. IICRC-certified water damage remediation and drying. ACAC-certified microbial and mold cleaning and remediation. EPA Certification # NAT-43984-1.Florida Mold Remediation License (MRSR1121, FL).

Safe indoor allergen neutralization and removal. The staff of Gerrus Maintenance Inc. is managed by an experienced chemical engineer. We will treat, remove, remediate and encapsulate house allergens and other biological pollutants. Our experts employ modern technology to accomplish the task and improve indoor air quality at your home or business. EPA Certification # NAT-43984-1.Florida Mold Remediation License (MRSR1121, FL).

Safe odor neutralization and microbial decontamination services at home or work. Our chemical engineer managed staff will treat, remove, remediate and encapsulate odor, chemical and biological pollutants at your home or business. We are experienced certified mold and microbial remediators. We will eliminate a bad smell at the source using modern bio and physical remediation technologies, such as HEPA air scrubbing, allergen neutralization, contact and fog disinfecting, enzymatic digestion, chemical oxidation, and decontamination washing. EPA Certification # NAT-43984-1.Florida Mold Remediation License (MRSR1121, FL).

Floor cleaning and sealing services. We apply hardeners, densifiers, dust-proofers, penetrating sealants, and coatings. Resurfacing and repairs. Contract or one-time auto-scrubbing or sweeping services. EPA Certification # NAT-43984-1.Florida Mold Remediation License (MRSR1121, FL).

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Mold grows virtually everywhere. Look at the studs.

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Mold Remediation Philadelphia: Bad Workmanship in Roofing and Siding
This video had to be made. It only scrapes the surface of the problems with bad methodology in the trades. Mold is serious and it seems that few really consider the consequences of using...

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Mold Remediation Philadelphia: Bad Workmanship in Roofing and Siding - Video

B-Wise Cleaning and Restoration Inc. Mold Remediation
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B-Wise Cleaning and Restoration Inc. Mold Remediation - Video

Mold and Mold Remediation

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Shock Interview San Diego Mold Inspection Contractor Superior Restoration
Shock Interview San Diego Mold Remediation Contractor Superio Restoration.

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After Mold Remediation

Mold and its spores are naturally occurring in the environment. When excessive moisture or water accumulates indoors, mold can begin to grow in as little as 24-48 hours. If the growth remains undiscovered or ignored, it can cause extensive damage to your home and reduce its value. Also, mold potentially causes health problems. Certain species are allergenic, while others are capable of causing disease.

If your home smells musty but you cannot see the source, or there has been water damage, you may have a mold problem. Hidden sources of mold include the surface of walls behind furniture and cabinets, the backside of drywall, wallpaper, behind moldings, paneling, the topside of ceiling tiles, and the underside of carpets and padding. Areas prone to mold contamination are basements, crawl spaces, closets, bathrooms, and attics (due to roof leaks or insufficient insulation).

Determine the extent of mold contamination. If the area affected is ten square feet or smaller, mold may be effectively removed with a detergent solution by the homeowner (Please visit http://www.epa.gov for more information on indoor air quality and mold). However, only a professional should clean contaminated areas of any size when pathogenic and toxigenic species are present.

If your home, or a home you are interested in purchasing, has a mold problem, contact us. We can remove mold contamination from the residence, restore its condition, and dramatically improve indoor air quality. Our staff is well educated and trained. During inspections, we exercise care to not excessively disturb contaminated areas. This level of concern carries through to remediation. Our technicians treat your home as if it were their own, containing affected rooms in order to prevent further contamination. Remediation is performed thoroughly and water problems are addressed in order to ensure mold does not continue to plague your home.

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