The 3 Best Light Therapy Lamps of 2024 | Reviews by Wirecutter  The New York Times

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The 3 Best Light Therapy Lamps of 2024 | Reviews by Wirecutter - The New York Times

The Netherlands With the 2022 version of Soenda Indoor Werkspoorkathedraal in Utrecht being an unbridled success, repeating the trick for the 2023 edition in the same location would be no small feat. Fortunately, T.Y.S was once again on hand to create a design that surpassed expectations.

The biggest challenge for the design team was coming up with a solution that could turn the cavernous Werkspoorkathedraal into a venue with a cosy club atmosphere. With a floor surface of 5,800 m2 to cover and a ceiling height of 20 metres, there was plenty of scope for creativity.

Together with the events producer, Elevation Events, the design team decided that doing something with motion could add a surprising new dimension to the lighting set-up for the 2023 edition. This culminated in the construction of four large square frames that were suspended from the venues two crane tracks. With each frame loaded with visual and lighting equipment, double the number of trusses and motion hoists were needed to support the frames and make them tiltable.

DEFRAME provided the stunning visuals that covered the square frames. Ampco Flashlight supplied the motion equipment, while Stagelight was responsible for supplying the sound and lighting equipment. They equipped each square frame with 32 Showtec Helix S5000 Q4 LED washers. With eight washers attached to each side of the frames and each washer having the capability to be split into five separate sections, it was possible to create virtually unlimited wash effects. The DJ booth also benefitted from two Helix S5000 washers, which were used as side and front lights.

A total of 60 Infinity iB-2R moving light beams were added on either side of the square frames to create a dynamic light curtain for the frames to dance through. With their razor-sharp beams, vivid colours, fast movements, rotating prisms, ultra-fast gobos and colour wheels, the iB-2R fixtures added plenty of energy. There were also 20 Infinity Furion S601 Profiles that were used to project a wide variety of breathtaking gobo effects onto the walls and ceiling of the Werkspoorkathedraal.

Soenda is an event that continues to go from strength to strength, which is not surprising given how much time and thought goes into its planning and organisation. The design team behind Soenda Indoor Werkspoorkathedraal 2023 in the Werkspoorkathedraal are currently preparing for the eagerly anticipated Soenda Outdoor Festival 2024. As soon as theyre done with that, theyll start planning for Soenda Indoor Werkspoorkathedraal 2024. Who knows what theyll come up with for that, but its probably best to expect something spectacular and unexpected.

photos: Sander van de Ven, Stef van Oosterhout and Sanne Hamacher

Read more from the original source:
Stunning Showtec and Infinity lighting set-up at Soenda Indoor Werkspoorkathedraal 2023 - EtNow.com

Good question!

First, a little about me: I'm not a lighting engineer, but I've tested and reviewed light bulbs for CNET for over five years now. That includes hundreds of hours in our homemade lighting lab -- a climate-controlled room equipped with aspectrometer and an integrating sphere that lets us run the most scientific and accurate light bulb tests we can possibly run. I've also visited and written features about major North American lighting manufacturers such as Cree and GE to get a better understanding of their methods and standards. This is one of numerous LED buying guides and roundups that I try to update as often as possible.

A peek inside our integrating sphere.

We load each bulb we test into the center of our integrating sphere -- a big, hollow ball with special, reflective paint coating the inside. Our spectrometer peeks in through a tiny hole in the side of the sphere, with a "baffle" that blocks it from looking directly at the light bulb. Instead, the bulb's light bounces around inside, which lets our spectrometer take reliable, calibrated measurements for things like brightness and color temperature.

We log those brightness measurements every 10 minutes for 90 minutes, then take a final reading at the end. At that point, I plug the sphere's power cord into a variety of dimmer switches, then measure for the average maximum and minimum settings across all of them while also keeping a close lookout for flicker or buzz.

Once a bulb we're testing is done in the lab, we take a close look at things like light spread, tone and color quality. Our photo and video team (Tyler Lizenby, Chris Monroe and Vanessa Salas here in Louisville) are a huge help at this point, with standardized photography that lets us take a really close look at those metrics. They're also just really damned good at taking pictures of light bulbs.

All of that said, the most important thing isn't what I think when I'm taking readings in our lighting lab -- it's what you and your family think after screwing the bulbs in and turning them on in your living room or other area. Like I said, LEDs like these are designed to be durable and waterproof and last years, so it's well worth buying ones that you'll actually like living with. You've got a lot of good options these days, so there's really no need to compromise. I'm just here to help you find those "just right" bulbs a bit faster -- or more efficiently, you might say.

This new floodlight LED from Sylvania isn't available outside of California yet, but it's efficient, putting out 93.7 lumens per watt. It'll be one of the next bulbs I review.

See the article here:
Best LED Floodlight Bulbs of 2024 - CNET

WASHNGTON TOWNSHIP, New Jersey -- What started as just casually decorating his home for Christmas, Dan Uszaki's light display at his Washington Township home quickly became a holiday tradition for his neighbors!

His mantra has always been "Glow Big, or Glow home!"

"I was getting to a point where I was transitioning away from my home, my kids were getting older," said Uszaki.

So, after 12 years he pulled the plug, but the blackout didn't last long.

"I just felt like a sense of responsibility. I had no idea that I stretched into that many people's homes," he said.

This year, he started GLOW, a brand new ultimate synchronized light experience.

What was once 350,000 lights at his home is now two million lights and counting!

Set up is happening courtesy of what he calls his team of "Silent Santas."

"I really think our display is really unique. We have various displays, pop culture things.

All of the lights are individually addressed and synced to music and all our props are not seen at any other light show because we personally design them," said Uszaki.

His family's home lighting display was featured on ABC's the Great Christmas Light Fight on December 12 where they took home a trophy.

For more information or tickets to GLOW, visit: VisitGlow.com.

Read more here:
'Glow big or glow home!': New synchronized holiday light show comes to South Jersey - WLS-TV

Lighting has the power to transform any space, particularly in today's modern interior landscape. It's the art of blending style with functionality, the secret ingredient to creating the perfect ambience in your home. We've sifted through a plethora of lighting solutions to bring you some brilliant options that will not only illuminate but also enhance your living space, that too at irresistible discounts. Join us as we delve into the details of each product, exploring what makes them stand out.

Discount: -59% | Price: 1,213 | M.R.P.: 2,990 | Rating: 3.7 out of 5 stars

Elevate your space with the VRCT Modern Uva 3 Light Gold Pendant. Its adjustable cord and modern design make it a perfect fit for any room, adding a touch of sophistication, whether in the kitchen, dining room, or bedroom.

Key Features:

Discount: -71% | Price: 1,755 (Pack of 2) | M.R.P.: 5,998 | Rating: 3.9 out of 5 stars

The Desidiya Golden Yellow Hanging Pendant Lights bring a touch of modernity to your living areas with their unique capsule design, serving as both lights and eye-catching decorative pieces.

Key Features:

Discount: -40% | Price: 2,998 | M.R.P.: 4,999 | Rating: 4.2 out of 5 stars

The GANE-SHART Crystal Ceiling Light adds a touch of luxury to your space with its stainless steel rectangular design and six lights, striking a balance between modernity and glamour.

Key Features:

Discount: -43% | Price: 2,849 | M.R.P.: 4,999 | Rating: 3.9 out of 5 stars

The ART N CRAFT Fan Light seamlessly blends vintage charm with modern design. It's not just a light; it's a versatile decorative item with an adjustable height tripod stand and an energy-efficient LED bulb.

Key Features:

Discount: -50% | Price: 4,999 | M.R.P.: 9,999 | Rating: 3.7 out of 5 stars

The Harold Electricals Chirpy Wall Light draws inspiration from nature, offering a unique and aesthetically pleasing design. Crafted with mild steel and a PVD coating, it's not only durable but also a fancy addition to various rooms.

Key Features:

Discount: -60% | Price: 799 | M.R.P.: 1,999 | Rating: 4.2 out of 5 stars

The PXB Glowtronix Tabletop Bonsai Tree Light introduces a DIY vibe to your space with its flexible branches and warm white LED lights. It's not just a light; it's a festive decoration, adding warmth and charm to any occasion.

Key Features:

Discount: -52% | Price: 11,999 | M.R.P.: 24,999 | Rating: 3.9 out of 5 stars

The Smartway Metal Amoeba Smart Led Wall Light seamlessly integrates technology with aesthetics. Featuring voice assist compatibility and tunable light colours, it provides a modern and energy-efficient solution for illuminating your home.

Key Features:

Discount: -37% | Price: 3,799 | M.R.P.: 5,999 | Rating: 3.9

Elevate your living space with the DRV Wall Mounted Deer Head Lamp. Crafted from high-quality resin and acrylic crystal, this lamp exudes timeless charm, providing a soft, warm glow for a welcoming atmosphere.

Key Features:

Discount: -76% | Price: 950 | M.R.P.: 3,999 | Rating: 3.6

Illuminate your outdoor spaces with the SPARC LIGHTS 12W Round LED Fixture. Fully waterproof with easy installation, this light adds both functionality and style, making it perfect for various occasions, indoors and outdoors.

Key Features:

Discount: -51% | Price: 4,949 | M.R.P.: 9,999 | Rating: 5.0

Transform your dining room or bedroom with the Solo Decor Deer Head Wall Mounted Lamp. Made of high-quality resin and acrylic crystal, it adds a touch of sophistication, featuring a general easy-to-replace E27 light source for energy efficiency and eye protection.

Key Features:

Price: 15,406 | Rating: 4.4

Experience the magic of levitation with the Levitating Moon Lamp by DTOETKD. This 3D moonlight, equipped with a remote control and rechargeable features, serves as an exquisite room decor and a unique gift for special occasions.

Key Features:

Discount: -18% | Price: 9,789 | M.R.P.: 11,999 | Rating: 4.2

Elevate your space with the GANE-SHART Crystal Glass Chandelier. Featuring a modern design and LED lights, it adds a luxurious touch to your living room, hall, or hotel, providing long-lasting LED effects.

Key Features:

Price: 19,890 | Rating: 4.4

Embrace smart lighting with Nanoleaf Shapes. These customisable LED panels sync with music and screen mirrors, offering endless design possibilities. Ideal for gaming or home decor, they come with a simple setup using double-sided mounting tape.

Key Features:

Elevate the vibes in your home with these carefully selected modern lighting options. Add a dash of elegance and a splash of personality to your living spaces, whether it's through elegant chandeliers or innovative wall lights. Each product brings a unique blend of style and functionality, that too at incredible discounts for a limited time only. Light up your space and make a statement with these contemporary lighting solutions. Choose the one that resonates with your style, and let your home shine bright in this modern era of illumination.

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Light Up Your Home with Stylish Finds from Amazon: Indoor Lighting At Up To 75% Off - NDTV

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Best dimmable smart bulb

Philips Hue White Starter Kit

Light bulbs have an enormous, everyday impact on the way our homes look and feel, and witha flood of new energy efficient LED bulbs filling the lighting aisle, you've got more LED lighting options than ever. Plus, an LED light bulb can help you save on your energy bills and electricity. But how do you pick the best LED lights for the job? The trick is to think for a long time about how you typically put light to use in the different rooms in your home. That, more than anything, will dictate your lighting needs.

For instance, you might benefit from a super bright bulb in your favorite reading lamp, but prefer a gentler, more candle-like warm glow from the lamp at your bedside.

To that end, here are some room-specific tips to help you zero in on the right LED light for your lamps and living space. Where appropriate, I've also included links to buy light bulbs from our tests. I'll keep this updated as I test new products.

If you have high ceilings, you'll want floodlights that shine nice and bright in a single direction.

If you have rooms with high ceilings or recessed lighting -- an entryway, for instance, or maybe a staircase with overhead lights or a candelabra up above -- you'll want to prioritize brightness over softness in your light bulbs. After all, the higher up your light bulbs are, the brighter they'll need to be in order to light up the room.

The most common products for overhead lighting are BR30-shaped floodlights. The "BR" stands for "bulging reflector," and it means that the light inside the bulb sits above a reflective bowl, sort of like a little satellite dish. Screw a bulb like that up into your ceiling, and that bowl will catch all of the upward cast light, then reflect it back down and out the bottom, which bulges outward to produce the widest possible pool of bright light across the room. It's the same trick your car's headlights use to produce as much light output as possible out in front of you as you drive.

You've got plenty of energy saving BR30-shaped LED options in the lighting aisle. The most common choice among them are 65-watt replacement bulbs that typically put out about 650 lumens of light each. That's a good, average number, and fine for average-height ceilings with at least a few bulbs shining overhead. Among the ones I've tested, 65-watt replacement floodlights from Cree and Philips are the two I'd recommend. They're good values and they're highly energy efficient for the money (each draws less than 10 watts). These dimmable bulbs also work well with dimmer switches and -- most important for overhead lighting -- they're both nice and bright, each putting out comfortably more than 700 lumens. As of writing this, Home Depot has those Cree bulbs on salein a two-pack for less than $6 -- they're the ones I'd go with in my own home if it were me buying.

If your ceilings are higher than average, or if you've got fewer bulbs shining overhead than you'd like, then look for 100-watt bulb replacement BR30 LEDs that bump the brightness up even further. Cree makes them, and Home Depot is selling them fora little over $10 each, which is a pretty good deal.

Watch this: Coolest alternative smart light fixtures

Some rooms serve just one or two basic functions, but other rooms get used in all sorts of ways. For instance, you might use your living room for watching TV, reading books, playing board games with the kids, or any other number of activities. Rooms like that can really benefit from quality lights that can adapt to whatever's going on.

The old-fashioned way to do it is to use a mix of different lamps and fixtures that serve different purposes -- a reading lamp beside your favorite armchair, overhead lights for board game night, everything off when you're watching a movie, and so on. That's all well and good, but it limits you to a binary, "on/off" lighting mentality.

The better approach? Give yourself a full spectrum of lighting possibilities by making sure all of those lights are dimmable.

Upgrading your light switches to dimmer switches is one way to do it (and not nearly as intimidating as you might be thinking if you've never switched one out before). There are also smart plugs from brands like Lutron that'll let you dim your fixtures and lamps up and down. The easiest way, however, is simply to replace your bulbs with dimmablesmart bulbs. It'sa great time to do it -- costs have come way down in recent years, and the advent of voice controls has given people a quick, easy way to jump to whatever dimmer setting they like, whenever they like.

Best of all, just about every smart bulb on the market is dimmable without flickering or buzzing, eliminating a common headache that comes with an in-wall dimmer switch. That also makes smart bulbs quality picks for bedrooms, where strong dimming performance and things likeprescheduled wake-up fadescan do wonders for your mood in the morning.

Philips Hue has an expensive reputation, but its dimmable white light LED smart bulbs only cost $15 each, and you can get a starter kit with three bulbs and the Philips Hue Bridge that acts as the brain of the system for just $60. From there, you can pick up an additional bulb whenever they go on sale, gradually building out your network of connected bulbs.

We like the Philips Hue smart light bulb because of the well-developed app, the strong variety of bulbs, fixtures and accessories you can add to your setup, and the good track record of support. With the Hue Bridge calling the shots, your bulbs will work with Siri, Alexa and the Google Assistant for quick, voice-activated lighting changes. Next time you're watching a movie and want the lights dimmed down low, but not totally off, you can just tell your assistant of choice to "dim the living room lights to 5%."

On the left, a bowl of M&Ms lit by a standard GE LED. On the right, the same bowl lit by a GE Reveal LED, which does a much better job at making colors look vivid and true.

I'm not talking about color-changing smart lights (though if you want to jazz your home up with them, don't let me stop you). No, I'm talking about the colors that are already in your home -- artwork, furniture, the clothes in your closet, the fruits and veggies in your kitchen, you name it.

Whatever it is, if it's colorful, then it'll benefit from light bulbs with high color rendering scores -- bulbs that boost the color temperature and help colors look their best. This isn't always the easiest thing to shop for, as manufacturers aren't required to list their color rendering scores on the packaging, like they are with brightness and efficiency specs. Some bulbs that do claim to emit great colors are actually just so-so.

My LED lighting tip: Just stick with GE Reveal bulbs, because after about six years of reviewing light bulbs for CNET, I've yet to test one that hasn't delivered on its promise of better-looking colors. That includes standard 60-watt replacement LEDs, floodlights, weird-looking stick-shaped LEDs, dimmable LED bulbs and more. A 4-pack of regular, A-shaped Reveal bulbs (linked below) currently goes for $17 at Lowe's.

They tend to cost slightly more per bulb, and most are a little less bright than the average LED light because they filter out some of excess yellow light for a better color temperature -- but those compromises are worth it if you're using them for accent lighting or to light up the spots in your home where you'll appreciate accurate, better-looking colors day in and day out.

And that's really the point -- despite regularly taking them for granted, we use light bulbs more than just about anything else in our homes. They're often the first things we turn on in the morning and the last things we turn off before going to bed. So don't let the lighting aisle overwhelm you -- whether you choose an energy saving light bulb, a CFL bulb, asmart LED bulbor even a regular incandescent light bulb, finding the right light for each room in your house is well worth it, and much easier than you might think.

See the original post:
Best LED Light Bulb for Every Room in Your House in 2024 - CNET

The well-known Sun Valley ice rink has welcomed skaters of all abilities for decades. It first opened in 1936 with the rest of the resort. It has appeared in movies, hosted the worlds most famous figure skaters and is a place many Idahoans have taken a lap (or a tumble).

But this winter, the ice is gone both on the outdoor rink, as well as the indoor rink next door where the Sun Valley Suns usually play.

No triple axels. No salchows. No nervous kids learning to skate.

But, the rinks will return.

We are replacing the entire mechanical refrigeration system that services both rinks as well as the floors beneath each ice surface, Scott Irvine, Ice Operations Manager for Sun Valley Resort, said. The scope of the project is extensive andwere thrilled to have it underway.

The resort closed the rinks in September, according to the Idaho Mountain Express, which forced the cancellation of the final planned outdoor ice show of the summer season. But the paper said the upgrade was already planned to start the next month. The rink reopened for a time in January when the outdoor temperatures were cool.

The work, as viewed late last month by BoiseDev, appeared extensive with the concrete surface of the outdoor rink entirely removed and work crews preparing the surface for new equipment.

Irvine said the refrigeration and piping system for the outdoor rink date to 1956. The indoor rink opened in 1975.

The upgrades should make the year-round outdoor rink, as well as its indoor sister, more energy efficient.

Modern refrigeration systems are much more energy efficient and reliable than their predecessors, Irvine said. Our new system is also capable of providing more refrigeration capacity, which will help us maintain more consistent ice in the warmer months.

Combined, the two rinks have nearly 25 miles of piping, Irvine said.

The Sun Valley Co. got approval last fall from the City of Sun Valley to add a new 1,924 square foot addition to the existing skate shop building next to the rink for the new ice plant. Before the upgrades, the equipment sat outdoors behind a chain link fence.

A few other changes are coming as part of the project.

We will also be upgrading the lighting in the indoor rink from CFL bulbs to LEDs, which will not only improve the aesthetics but cut our lighting energy consumption in half, Irvine said. There will also be some cosmetic touch-ups and landscape improvements, but the buildings will retain the character and charm so unique to Sun Valley.

Irvine said the rinks should be back open for the heart of the summer season in June.

Originally posted here:
Sun Valley Resort revamping iconic outdoor ice rink - boisedev.com

gas grill on a deck

One of the top reasons for investing in a gas grill is the ease with which it can be lit so you can be ready for cooking quickly and without fuss. So if a day comes when your gas grill doesnt light it can be a shock.

But even when youve invested in one of the best gas grills there can be issues that mean it fails to light. The good news? Theyre frequently easy to solve and you can often remedy the problem yourself.

Here, weve put together the top eight reasons why a gas grill doesnt light along with expert advice on getting the cooking show back on the road.

lighting a gas grill

Lighting a gas grill is a straightforward procedure but occasionally youll encounter a hitch and it wont oblige. Issues from the weather conditions to a loose wire can mean it doesnt work as it should. Find out how to solve your gas grill lighting issues with out guide.

It sounds obvious, but a lack of gas should be the first thing you check for. There are a few reasons why a burner might not be lighting on a gas barbecue, the most common is fuel levels, so always check there is enough gas in your canister, saysDan Cooper, head grill master at Weber.

Bear in mind that although most gas grill models can get around 18 to 20 hours of grilling from one 20lb tank, its easy to lose track of how much alfresco cooking youve done.

If the grill wont light, check the gauge to make sure the cylinder isnt empty. We recommend keeping a spare tank ready at all times so you can swap it in and an empty cylinder doesnt stop a grilling session.

While there might be gas in the cylinder, the problem could be the connection between it and the grill.

The connection between the propane cylinder and the gas grill needs to be fitted securely to ensure that no gas escapes out of the connections or through any tiny cracks or splits, explains Andrew Lovell, product manager of Landmann. When checking your gas hose before connecting make sure that it is in perfect condition and has no defects or imperfections to the tube.

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On installing, its important to check the manual to safely connect the hose and not force the connection, as this could cause stress to the hose and damage the flow of gas.

To easily check if there is any gas leaking out of the hose connection, drop the hose into some soapy water and momentarily turn the gas on, if you see any bubbles rising to the surface there is a gas leak and the hose must be replaced.

large gas grill and gas canister on a patio

Blocked burners can be the cause of a gas grills failure to light. This can particularly prove the case following a storage period, so its always worth checking the burners havent become obstructed by dirt or insects before you use it again for a new grilling season.

Turn the gas off at source before you check the burners to see if they have become blocked and clean them. Consult the manufacturers instructions for a guide to the burners in your gas grill model, and follow their instructions on how to clean the grill.

If your gas grill uses an ignition battery, it may be the case that its no longer providing power.

Before you buy a replacement, an inspection is worthwhile in case theres a visible problem like faulty installation. If the grill continues to fail to light, get a new battery. Take a look the manual to find out exactly what you need.

Igniter electrodes are another frequent cause of gas grill lighting problems. Disconnect the gas before inspecting them to stay safe. Look for dirt or rust and remove it using a toothbrush or cotton swab and rubbing alcohol if it looks like it could be the culprit. Allow to dry before testing the grill.

large stainless-steel gas grill on a patio

Loose wires can be the reason a gas grill isnt lighting. Again, be sure the gas is disconnected and then inspect the wiring. If there is a loose wire this can be reconnected but beware of damaged wires. Wiring can be replaced but do check the warranty to ensure doing so wont invalidate it.

A gas grill can develop a problem with the ignition module itself. If it isnt clicking when you press the ignition button and you have already checked or replaced the battery and inspected the wiring, it may have failed. Check the owners manual as youll need a replacement approved by the manufacturer.

Weather conditions can be the cause when a gas grill fails to light. Wind is our biggest foe when it comes to gas grills as its difficult to build and maintain high heats in one place, says Andrew Lovell. So naturally, our top tip to lighting a grill whatever the weather starts with wind protection.

The easiest solution is to angle your gas grill away from the wind. This can also help the gas flow if the wind blows in the same direction as gas to the burners.

With light rain, it shouldnt impact your grilling experience too much, but if there has been significant rain you might notice the igniter failing due to moisture. An easy way round this is using a long stem safety lighter to light the gas. Just be quick and dont leave the gas going too long.

Having your outdoor grill station in a sheltered area of your backyard can be a smart move, ensuring your grill is as protected as possible.

If a gas grill is clicking but not lighting, there can be a few possible issues. Check the burners for blockages but only after youve turned the gas supply off. Its also important to check the gas cylinder to ensure it is properly connected. It is also possible that youve forgotten to check whether theres gas left in the cylinder, so take a look at the gauge to be sure this isnt the problem.

If just one burner fails to light but the other two burners on a three-burner grill are working, it could have a blockage which can be caused by food debris.

Check the owners manual for details about the burners on your gas grill but typically you should disconnect the gas cylinder then use a wire brush to get rid of any accumulations in the ports.

There can also be clogs in a burner tube. These can be cleaned with a brush designed for the purpose or using a bottle brush.

Gas grills are safe to use to use, and fairly straightforward to light, providing you have kept your grill in good working order and have sufficient fuel to light it.

Regularly cleaning the grill grates as well as keeping it covered when not in use can ensure it remains free from dirt and debris that might cause problems in the future.

See more here:
Why your gas grill isn't lighting the 8 top issues and how to solve ... - Yahoo News

High-intensity lighting plays a critical role in promoting plant growth and achieving optimal yields. However, selecting the right lighting system for your CEA facility can be challenging, as there are many different light quality, intensity, and efficiency metrics to consider. Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), extended PAR (e-PAR), energy use (in watts), photosynthetic photon flux (PPF), and photon efficacy (PPE) are all important items to consider when making a lighting fixture decision.

Here, we explore the various lighting metrics essential for CEA and their impact on the growth and development of indoor- and greenhouse-grown crops and the financial sustainability of your operation.

Light quality metrics for CEA operatorsLight quality is determined by the relative amount of blue, green, red, far-red, and other spectra emitted from a light source. By delivering certain amounts of photons from a particular part of the light spectrum, CEA cultivators can create different morphological and secondary metabolite reactions within their crops.

PARTraditionally, the spectrum of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR)which refers to the portion of the light spectrum that plants use for photosynthesisranges from 400-700 nanometers (nm) and encompasses photons in the blue (400-500 nm), green (500-530 nm), yellow/orange (530-600 nm), and red (600-700 nm).

What I advise growers is, if you are not looking for specific morphological traits, then I would go for a fixture that is providing more of a white light, advises Dr. Roberto Lopez, Associate Professor, and Controlled Environment and Floriculture Extension Specialist at Michigan State University. White light, which is a more normalized color distribution, is easier on your employees eyes as well as its easier to identify physiological disorders, diseases, and insects, he adds.

However, specific crops might require specific spectra to better express certain traits. For example, growing red-leaf lettuce under higher temperatures and white LED fixtures can reduce the expression of anthocyanins, the compounds that impart the red-purple color to plants. With red-leaf lettuce, Dr. Lopez suggests adding more blue light or lowering the air temperature in the last days of production to stimulate the production of the secondary metabolite.

Lopez warns that blue light can inhibit leaf expansion and plant height, so it is important to keep blue light to the final days of production or to combine it with red photons.

It follows that a fixtures light quality is more important to consider for indoor cultivators, as greenhouse cultivators have background solar radiation, Dr. Lopez shares.

For more information on the impacts of specific light spectra on crop development, refer to Resource Innovation Institutes Lighting Best Practices Guide.e-PARFor years, producers and researchers focused their efforts on the established PAR range. But recent work, especially from Utah State University, has found that far-red radiation also contributes to photosynthesis, Dr. Lopez shares. Far-red light is found in the 700-800 nm range.

According to RIIs Lighting Best Practices Guide, in the presence of shorter wavelengths, such as blue light, far-red photons enhance photosynthesis and increase extension growth, including stem length, plant height, and leaf size. Using the same red-leaf lettuce example, Dr. Lopez notes that when you have an increased percentage of blue light, youre going to end up with a very compact head of lettuce. If you wanted to get some stretch and bigger leaves, then adding that far-red light is beneficial.

Now that we know that it does contribute to photosynthesis, far-red shouldnt be ignored, Lopez says. That said, more research is needed to fully understand the impact of far-red spectra on the production of all crops, notes Leora Radetsky, senior lighting scientist at the Design Light Consortium, a voluntary technical performance requirements organization. As new metrics become of interest to scientists and potentially to growers, for example, e-PAR, we need standards organizations to do the consensus work necessary to define those metrics, she says.

Download Resource Innovation Institutes Lighting Best Practices Guidefor more information, expert insights, and tips on everything that goes into creating an efficient and productive lighting system setup for CEA facilities.Light efficiency metrics for CEA operatorsBeyond light quality, a lighting fixtures energy use is another crucial factor that plays an important role in a CEA operations sustainability and profitability.Energy UseThis is a measure of the total amount of energy consumed by the lighting system over a certain period. Its typically measured in kilowatt-hours (kWh) and can be used to estimate the operating costs of the lighting system.

However, a fixtures energy use is not tied to its performance in plant growth or its ability to create any light at all. For example, a good portion of the energy used by high-intensity discharge (HID) lights is lost to heat production. The efficiency in converting watts to light is why light-emitting diode (LED) fixtures are becoming the CEA industry standard and are already established as such for crops such as cannabis.Photosynthetic Photon Flux (PPF)Photosynthetic Photon Flux (PPF) is important because it tells you the overall value of PAR photons that are coming from that fixture, says Casey Rivero, a cannabis solutions architect with LED-lighting manufacturerFluence.

PPF indicates the amount of PAR light a given fixture can produce, calculated in micromoles per second (mol/s). This does not mean it is the amount of total light your fixtures will produce (typically measured in lumens). Light sources intended to be used in CEA are graded on their PPF output, not their total lumen production.Photosynthetic Photon Efficacy (PPE)PPE is a light fixtures ability to convert power from electric energy to achieve rated PPF when delivering light to your plants. The efficacy of light products is measured in units of micromoles per joule (mol/J). PPE is PPF over the amount of energy consumed, Rivero says.

A higher PPE means that a lighting system is more efficient at delivering light to plants, while a lower PPE means that a lighting system is less efficient and may require more energy to achieve the same level of plant growth. By choosing lighting systems with higher PPE, CEA operators can reduce their energy consumption and operating costs while still providing the necessary light for healthy plant growth.

PPE is important because it tells you how effective a fixture is at utilizing that energy in producing that photon, but that doesnt tell you how efficient and effective it is relating to plant production, Rivero notes.

For example, higher red component fixtures can produce problematic responses in the plant at a higher light level on certain crops, including a phenomenon known as photo-bleaching. The lack of chlorophyll development is driven by the high red component in the higher intensity light, Rivero adds.

Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density (PPFD)PPFD is the number of photons within the PAR range, measured in micromoles, that hit a given area (a square meter) of your plant canopy per second, per RIIs Lighting BPG. While fixtures have a fixed PPF rating, PPFD can be manipulated through a number of factors, including by adjusting the distance between the fixture and crop canopy.

PPFD also can be fine-tuned on lighting fixtures that have adjustable dimming and spectrum, another important trait to consider when selecting a CEA lighting fixture. We believe that theres a great value for dimming not only for energy and cost savings but also due to the fact that you can use dimming to optimize the environment for different life stages and for different crops, Radetsky says. Thats important because LED products can last for a long timewere not just talking about a season or two, they might be there for 10 or 15 years. Dimming functionality gives you the ability to future-proof your installation as we learn more about how we can optimize lighting to benefit different crops.

With dimming, indoor farm operators can better reproduce natural lighting conditions, simulating sunrises, and sunsets to reduce the humidity spike that occurs when the lights shut off. An added benefit of slowly turning on lights is decreasing the maximum energy load farmers put on the grid (and for which they are charged).

It is also important to note that a higher PPFD rating is not synonymous with higher performance. Weve seen a trend in terms of the higher PPFD that growers are utilizing, Dr. Lopez says. Were seeing people go all the way up to 800 [and 1,500] micromoles. Is that necessary? Its dependent on the crops that youre growing, but for leafy greens, we have not seen that its beneficial.Light UniformityThis metric measures the degree to which light is distributed evenly across the cultivation area. Uneven light distribution can lead to uneven plant growth and lower yields. Growers can determine a fixtures light uniformity through the use of a light map that shows whether youre getting a uniform PPFD in the crop area. You want at least 80% uniformity, Dr. Lopez suggests.

Where to find CEA lighting fixture dataLighting manufacturers will often share the above metrics on product packaging and their websites. For third-party vetting, DLC offers a Qualified Product List (QPL), which offers CEA operators insight into the fixtures worst-case performance data, Radetsky explains.

One of the benefits of the QPL is that tested product data for horticultural lighting includes an image of the spectral quantum distribution, so you can see what the spectrum is. You can see what the shape of the beam is by viewing the products photosynthetic photon intensity distribution image, Radetsky explains, adding that many utilities use the DLCs QPL to offer rebates.

Lighting manufacturers whose fixtures have been included in the DLCs QPL often will advertise that on their products page or packaging, but its still important to check that the product is listed on the QPL even if the DLC logo is found on the packaging. DLC verifies fixtures through the units model number.

DLC updated its lighting reporting requirements on March 31, so there are fixtures that might no longer qualify for the non-profits QPL in 2024. Were asking for a lot more reporting on the controls and also on the application so people can see what the product is doing more granularly, Radetsky says.

Rivero is a strong proponent of DLCs work and shares that if a fixture is not DLC listed, dont even think about it because we dont have third-party testing on it.

RIIs PowerScore tool also can help CEA operators identify system inefficiencies and benchmark their facilitys performance against their peers. RIIs Lighting BPG also offers insights and tips on how CEA operators can maximize their lighting systems efficiency and efficacy, in addition to noting the environmental control benefits of optimizing lighting.

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Shining a light on efficiency and productivity metrics for CEA lighting - hortidaily.com

Photo: Debbie Wolfe for Bob Vila

Outdoor lighting is one of the best enhancements for any home exterior, whether for patios and decks or walkways and home entrances. Lighting extends the functionality of outdoor living spaces into the night and passively boosts home security. One of the quickest, easiest, and least expensive types of outdoor illumination is solar string lights. Solar string lights incorporate a small solar panel to charge a built-in battery during the day, which powers the lights after dark. They are an excellent choice for temporary or permanent installation wherever access to plug-in power is limited.

Over the past decade, Brightechhas emerged as one of the leading brands for solar string lights. It continues to build a loyal customer base by offering affordable designer lighting for all areas of the home. The company features a wide range of interior and exterior lighting solutions such as floor lamps, table lamps, and string lights, including the Brightech Ambience Pro solar string lights that I recently tested. These heavy-duty solar LED string lights, with their classic Edison-style bulbs, looked great and performed even better. Keep reading for performance details and to find out why I consider them to be some of the best solar string lights for indoor or outdoor installations.

Rating: 8.9/10

Photo: Debbie Wolfe for Bob Vila

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Brightech Ambience Pro solar string lights are commercial-grade LED lights constructed with heavy-duty hardware for extended durability. Twelve Edison-style 1-watt S14 LED bulbs, spaced at 20-inch intervals spanning 20 feet of the 27-foot cable, add a classic aesthetic as they emit warm white (2700K) light. The weatherproof, shatterproof bulbs are suitable for indoor or outdoor use, with heat resistance to 122 degrees Fahrenheit.

The 6-foot tail of the cable connects to the solar panel, allowing for flexible placement in the sunniest location. On clear sunny days, the panel charges the built-in battery within 6 hours. A sliding on/off switch on the back of the solar panel controls the integrated photocell. In the on position, the lights automatically turn on when the sun goes down. In the off position, the lights remain off. The battery powers the lights for up to 6 hours on a full charge.

I tested the Brightech Ambience Pro solar lights alongside several other string lights, and I chose them as the top overall pick for a few reasons. I preferred the heavy-duty construction and classic appearance of the 1-watt bulbs over other types because they gave a more mature aesthetic to the space. Although the runtime was not as long as some of the other options, the 6 hours of lighting was more than enough for outdoor entertaining, starting at sundown and running from about 8:30 p.m. to 2:30 a.m.

I also appreciated the installation flexibility. Each bulb fixture had its own integrated hanging loop to suspend from a cup hook, nail, or zip tie. Also, the adjustable-angle solar panel mounting bracket was compatible with the included ground stake or squeeze clamp, and it has the option to be fastened directly to a post or wall with screws.

The only real downside I discovered was the relatively short length, which wasnt quite enough for my particular installation needs. With its 20 feet of illumination, this set of string lights only lit about half of my space. Of course, I could easily buy a second string, but those with larger areas may want to consider this 48-foot-long version with 15 bulbs.

This was a really nice-looking light set with plenty of installation flexibility, providing bright light for the advertised 6-hour runtime and equipped with heavy-duty hardware for a long working life. At 27 feet long and with just 12 bulbs, one string may not be enough for a complete patio installation, but its a great starting point and the price is right for adding on more as needed.

Photo: Debbie Wolfe for Bob Vila

Setting up these solar string lights could hardly have been easier. I spent a few minutes measuring, marking, and installing finish nails in the locations where each light would hang. Then, starting with the LED fixture farthest from the solar panel, I hung each bulb by its hang loop. Lastly, I installed the solar panel on its ground stake. The whole process took about 15 minutes.

Its important to note that this string light is significantly heavier than a string of Christmas lights. The cable alone is heavier, and the bulbs are much larger. So although hanging them was not difficult, I had to ensure that the anchor points were secure. I used nails in wood trim; hooks with adhesive backing would be another good option. For an overhead installation, it might be best to install a guy wire from which to hang the lights, instead of relying on the tensile strength of the string lights to hold themselves up.

The Brightech Ambience solar string lights were a step or two above most of the others in terms of quality. Fairy lights and cheaper string lights are single-use products. When one or several LEDs stop working, the string of lights gets tossed in the trash and folks go out and buy a new one. But this set is built with wear-resistant components and replaceable LED bulbs for a long operational life indoors or out.

The heavy cable construction was much more substantial than the braided wire used in the competition. Also, the threaded-base S14 LEDs were a nice touch, making them easier to replace compared to similar options, like these LED string lights that incorporate bulbs with delicate two-pin bases. I also liked the robust solar panel, especially the sliding on/off switch instead of a pushbutton. The sliding switch indicated at a glance whether the unit was on or off, which isnt the case with a push button.

Photo: Debbie Wolfe for Bob Vila

The Brightech Ambience Pro solar light set looks great and is durably made of quality materials. It is easy to use and consistently works as advertisedand maybe better. The 27-foot string features 20 illuminated feet, with 12 single-watt bulbs. But at prices ranging from about $42 to $70 (depending on the retailer), is it worth the money?

I compared the prices of similar string lights sold at Ace Hardware, Lowes, The Home Depot, Target, and Walmart. Without going too deep into the rabbit hole, I discovered two important bits of information. First, most of them offer at least a partial selection of Brightech lighting; and second, the quality-to-price ratio of this set is at least as good as anything else out there. In the $40 to $50 range, I would consider it a fair value, maybe a bargain. At $70, though, I would continue shopping.

Photo: Debbie Wolfe for Bob Vila

Lighting is one of the best ways to boost functionality and security in an outdoor space, and solar string lights make it fast, easy, and inexpensive. For great looks with low-maintenance installation, it pays to go with a high-quality, durable light set that charges fast and lights the space well into the night. Brightech Ambience Pro LED solar string lights are a great solution.

I really enjoyed testing this light set. The Edison-style bulbs added a nice classic aesthetic; the battery charged fully with only about a half day of clear, direct sunlight; and the LEDs illuminated the space for a full 6 hours per charge. Although it was only a weeklong test, I feel reasonably confident in the durability of the set, in part because of the heavy-duty wiring and threaded bulb sockets, and also because of small details like the generously sized solar panel with a sliding switch rather than a button. Its not the cheapest set around, but it comes at a fair price and operates on a tier above the competition.

Get the Brightech Ambience Pro solar string lights at:

Mark Wolfe is a writer and product tester with an extensive background in the nursery and landscaping industry. For more than 20 years he mowed, edged, planted, pruned, cultivated, irrigated, and renovated beautiful landscapes. Now he tests and writes reviews about the latest outdoor power equipment, hand tools, lawn-care products, and other outdoor-living goods.

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Brightech Solar String Lights Review: Are They Worth It? - Tested by - Bob Vila